AI Insights

AIF Insights No. 18 (2025) | Nāmarūpa in Buddhist Thought and Human-Centered AI

Release: 2025-05-18
Author: CHEAB Sambath, MD | CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

This paper explores the Buddhist concept of nāmarūpa—“name and form”—and its relevance to the development of human-centered artificial intelligence (AI). Rooted in the principle of dependent origination, nāmarūpa describes the interdependence of mental and physical phenomena, emphasizing impermanence, co-arising, and ethical intentionality. The authors argue that this philosophical framework offers valuable guidance for AI designContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 18 (2025) | Nāmarūpa in Buddhist Thought and Human-Centered AI"

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AIF Insights No. 17 (2025) | Theravada Buddhism: Mindfulness for the Ethical Advancement of AI

Release: 2025-05-16
Author: CHEAB Sambath, MD | CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

Artificial intelligence (AI) raises significant ethical concerns regarding justice, transparency, and responsibility, demanding novel approaches to mitigate risks like algorithmic discrimination and social exclusion. This commentary investigates how Theravada Buddhist mindfulness (sati) offers a transformative ethical foundation for AI development. Mindfulness fosters self-awareness and wisdom, enabling developers to identify biases, such as those in hiringContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 17 (2025) | Theravada Buddhism: Mindfulness for the Ethical Advancement of AI"

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AIF Insights No. 16 (2025) | Catuṣkoṭi and Non-Binary Reasoning in Artificial Intelligence

Release: 2025-05-14
Author: CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

This article explores the application of catuṣkoṭi, a four-fold logic system rooted in Buddhist Madhyamaka philosophy, as a framework for advancing artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in areas where binary logic falls short. Classical Aristotelian logic, foundational to most AI systems, operates on binary distinctions (true or false), which often prove inadequate for modeling ambiguity, contradiction,Continue reading "AIF Insights No. 16 (2025) | Catuṣkoṭi and Non-Binary Reasoning in Artificial Intelligence"

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AIF Insights No. 15 (2025) | From Grain to Chip: Cambodia’s Journey into the Semiconductor Era

Release: 2025-05-10
Author: CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

This special address outlines Cambodia’s aspirational journey into the global semiconductor industry, positioning itself as an emerging player in a rapidly transforming technological landscape. Drawing a parallel between the nation’s historical reliance on rice and a future shaped by silicon chips, the author envisions a bold transformation powered by innovation, education, and strategic geopolitical positioning.Continue reading "AIF Insights No. 15 (2025) | From Grain to Chip: Cambodia’s Journey into the Semiconductor Era"

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AIF Insights No. 14 (2025) | Machine Translation: Bridging Khmer Language and Large Language Models (LLMs)

Release: 2025-05-09
Author: BUOY Rina, PhD (Informatics) | CHENDA Sovisal, MA (Advanced Computing Systems) | TAING Nguonly, PhD (Computer Science) | KONG Marry, PhD (Telecommunications Technology and Information Technology)

While the development of large language models (LLMs), specifically for the Khmer language, is constrained by both computational resources and the availability of quality training data, this paper presents a strategic direction highly relevant to artificial intelligence and machine learning engineers and developers working with the Khmer language. This paper highlights the significant role ofContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 14 (2025) | Machine Translation: Bridging Khmer Language and Large Language Models (LLMs)"

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AIF Insights No. 13 (2025) | Enhancing Clinical Documentation in Internal Medicine: The Role of AI-Powered Tools

Release: 2025-05-06
Author: CHHEM Sirika, PharmD, and MD

Clinical documentation is a cornerstone of internal medicine, vital for quality care, accurate diagnosis, and legal compliance. However, the growing administrative burden has contributed to clinician burnout and reduced patient interaction. This paper explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered documentation tools in internal medicine. Drawing on recent studies, it outlines how AI tools—especiallyContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 13 (2025) | Enhancing Clinical Documentation in Internal Medicine: The Role of AI-Powered Tools"

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AIF Insights No. 12 (2025) | The Rise of Chinese Open-Source AI: Implications for Global AI Governance and Innovation

Release: 2025-05-05
Author: CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

This article examines the rapid emergence of China as a major force in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through its strategic deployment of open-source large language models such as Alibaba’s Qwen3 and DeepSeek. Narrowing the performance gap with U.S. AI models to just 0.3%, these advancements signify a transformative moment in global AI dynamics. The authorContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 12 (2025) | The Rise of Chinese Open-Source AI: Implications for Global AI Governance and Innovation"

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AIF Insights No. 11 (2025) | Abhidhamma-Inspired AI: Centering Cetana (Intention) with Theravada Ethical Insights in Technology

Release: 2025-05-05
Author: CHEAB Sambath, MD | CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

As artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly influences critical aspects of human life, the need for ethical, human-centered design has grown urgent. This article explores the potential of the Abhidhamma—a foundational text in Theravada Buddhist philosophy—as a source of ethical guidance for AI development. The Abhidhamma offers a detailed psychological framework based on mental processes, emphasizing theContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 11 (2025) | Abhidhamma-Inspired AI: Centering Cetana (Intention) with Theravada Ethical Insights in Technology"

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AIF Insights No. 10 (2025) | Buddhist Ethics for AI: Theravāda, Mahāyāna, and Vajrayāna Perspectives

Release: 2025-05-04
Author: CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

This article proposes a Buddhist ethical framework for guiding artificial intelligence (AI) development, highlighting how core Buddhist principles—such as compassion, mindfulness, and interdependence—can address the moral and existential challenges posed by emerging technologies. It critiques the limitations of dominant Western ethical paradigms, particularly utilitarianism and deontology, arguing that they often fail to incorporate the relationalContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 10 (2025) | Buddhist Ethics for AI: Theravāda, Mahāyāna, and Vajrayāna Perspectives"

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AIF Insights No. 9 (2025) | Tetralemma vs Dilemma: Integrating Eastern Logic into AI Reasoning

Release: 2025-05-04
Author: CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

This essay explores the contrast between Western binary logic and the Buddhist tetralemma (catuskoti), advocating for the integration of Eastern logical structures into artificial intelligence (AI) systems. It argues that while Western dilemma-based reasoning emphasizes clarity and decisiveness, it often oversimplifies complex realities. The tetralemma, by offering four response possibilities—true, false, both, or neither—embraces contradictionContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 9 (2025) | Tetralemma vs Dilemma: Integrating Eastern Logic into AI Reasoning"

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AIF Insights No. 8 (2025) | Who Should Govern AI?

Release: 2025-04-09
Author: CHHEM Kieth Rethy, MD, PhD (Edu), and PhD (His)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a pivotal force in shaping economies, governance, education, and human development worldwide. For developing countries like Cambodia, AI presents a critical opportunity to transition from low-value economic activities to a competitive digital economy. This paper emphasizes that the governance of AI cannot be left to engineers alone. While technical expertiseContinue reading "AIF Insights No. 8 (2025) | Who Should Govern AI?"

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AIF Insights No. 7 (2025) | AI, Cyberspace, and ICTs: Untangling the Digital Universe

Release: 2025-04-09
Author: Chhem Siriwat, President of AI Forum | Dr. Hul Seingheng, Chairman of AI Forum | Dr. Lim Putthi Cheat, Independent Scholar | Ros Sayumphu, Research Fellow at AI Forum

This paper explores the evolving landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cyberspace, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), emphasizing the crucial role of society and human agency in defining and governing AI. While AI often mimics human cognition to aid decision-making, its development, application, and ethical oversight must remain rooted in human values and societal needs.Continue reading "AIF Insights No. 7 (2025) | AI, Cyberspace, and ICTs: Untangling the Digital Universe"

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